Rotary power driven tool



p 20, 1932 H. J. YOUNGBLOOD 1,878,747

ROTARY POWER DRIVEN TOOL Filed March 11, 1929 INVENTORI fieflrgfyoangfiioad A TTORNE Y5.

Patented Sept. 20, 1932 r UNITED T TES".

HENRY J. YoUne-BLoon, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

.ino'mniz rowan DRIVE n"moon Application filed March i1, 192e,] seria no. 34 ,169.

vide such a tool for use in grinding and forming drawing dies. 7

Another object of my inventionis to provide a tool of thetype described which is simple and cheap to manufacti1re,which consists in the minimum number. of parts, and the working parts ofwhich may be'readily and easily assembled and disassembled. Another object of my invention is to pro-. vide such a tool in which the motive-agency may be used to cool the bearings of the working parts and to maintain them at workable temperatures, regardless of the speed of the parts. 1 Another object of my invention is to provide such a device from which airmay be exhausted at low pressure and thereby sub{ stantially eliminate undesirable exhaust noise common to the type of devices now in common use. V

' Another object of my invention is to pro vide'such a tool adapted to be used-with a variety of attachments.

Another object of my invention is to provide a tool of thetype described which may be made in various sizes, including those sizes which are readily handled and manipulated by a single operator, such as a hand tool.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the arrangement, construction and combination of the various parts of my improved device as described in the specification, claimed in my claims and shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional v'iew'of my device. I

Fig. 2 is an enlarged dia'grammatic cross section of the turbine rotor embodied in'my device.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross.

section of the turbine rotor, and the nozzle and casing member embodied in my device,

this section being taken in rection through the members.

a longitudinal'di FATEN oFFICjEY I Fig. 4 is an elevation ofthe outer face of the nozzle orrotor casing embodied in' my devic'e, the shaft bearing being omitted. I Fig. 5 is a view taken'on the line 5-50 Fig.1. p The numeral 10 ,designatesa tubularhous 1n at each end, within the housing and inwardly removed from each :end are'annular ribs '12 and 13 which maybe formed integrally with the housin or formed separatelyand'secured" therein. ithinthe hou's'ing'lO ispositioned a motor elementcomp'rising "a turbine rotor,

and nozzle-and casing member. The rotor is designated by the numeral 1'5 and the nozzle and casing member-is designated by the'nu meral 16. The "nozzle and casing member comprises acup shaped'member having a perimetralflange 17 eXtending laterally from one side'thereof. This flange 17 embraces the perimeter of the rotor 15. Apluralitybf holes or'nozzles 19, shown in Fig. 4, and'als'o in Fig. 3, lead-transversely and obliquely through the register with the rotor. r

The rotor comprises a disc, havingradially and transversely extending blades 25. secured to or formed upon its perimeter. These having an internallythreaded portion 11' i wall 18 ofthe member 16 and the inner ends 1 of the blades of r blades,in plan, are shown in Fig. 3. They I V.

extend obliquely and transversely across the perimeter of the'rotor disc in parallel relation to'each other. "The inner ends of'theblades are turned to formcup'ped faces 26 which register with the nozzles 19 inthe casing member '16. There is anozzle mem-' ber provided for each blade, Compressed air is the preferred motive agency for driving this turbine, and the nozzles 19 and the blades 25 are positioned so that the 'included'angle between them is approximately 105 degrees,

the nozzles 19 and the blades 25' being positioned at angles of 35 degrees and-40 degrees respectively to the axis of rotation.

*Inthecentral'portion of the member 16 is secured a ball bearing. 30"co mprising the usualballsand races. The reduced end of; a shaft-31 is journalled in this ball bearing and'secured to the inner race 32; This shaft 7 is also keyed to the turbine rotor 15 and exthrough and beyond the remote 10. A cap member 33,

metal stamping, has a flange of reduced thickness around itsedge which is adaptedto make a 'springfitf in acircular notclr formed in the outer corner of the outer'bau' race, as

shown in Fig. 1. This cap 33 entirely encloses the outwardly exposed portion ofi thewtball: bearing and forms a lubricant chamber therefor and protects the bearing from-direct co'ritact with compressed air. p M

The outer face of the:annular'rib 13is bevelled and. bearing against the bevelledgface is theedge of a spring. plate 40' which surroundstheshaft 31 and in its central portion bearsagainst the shoulder 34 formed. on the shaft. Qut-wardlyof the spring plate 40,iS.

positioned a secondball bearing 41, compris ing the usual balls and races. The innerrace 42 maybe frictionally secured or slidably :keyediotheshaft 31/ i r v A nipple memher 50. is provided for the turbine end of the housing 10, and'has external threadsf formed thereon adaptedfto.

engageithe' internal threads 11' ofthe housing andtoturn therein sufliciently to bear against theedge. of the memberlfiand force its lateral flange" '17 tightly against the annular rib.

' the housing; This nipple member is provided at its exterior endwith. asquared portion 51; to which a wrench may becappliedor attaching or detaching themember relativeto thehousing 10, andat it sextreme outer end is provided with a iitting adapted to receive the end of an air hose; A 'closuremember is:provided for the, oppositeend .of thei-housing -10 and has exter nal threads formed thereon adapted to engagethe threads-11d the housing. 5 This member 60 1 also has a lateral inwardly extending flange. 7 61' which bears againstthe side edges of, the

. bearing 41andfor ces it and-the edges of the spring plate/l0. against the-,annular rib 13.; This memben fiO" forms a lubricant chamber: for the bearingf llr The memberBO'is formed. with a central aperture therein through whichthe shaft extends and is provided with a recess;62 around this aperture in; which a packing washer of felt or other suitable I mah mb r s. I v 1-- Theg housing 1() is provided with escape p rtu e 0, sh w n.- i l and a ich are positioned adjacent -andiabove the springplate 40 and which permit the air, to escape omt eho i g 1 after P s ing ough h :terialmay be I placed to seal thellubricant turbine rotor '15. The housing 10 is also-pro vided with spaced grooves, one 1 on each side; of the row of escape apertures-70, a nd a guard m mbe 7 ha ng i ar ly e nd e flanges ismovably'mount The 'under. side offthe guardmember? 71?, is

releasing the a nipple such tools now used.

ed; in these grooves;

pon the casing 10 to control the direction of flow ofthe escaping air. The exterior end firthe; shaft 3.]; is-suitably threaded and slotted as shown, in order that 'a grinding wheel orpencil may be attached thereto. I

y device may be very cheaply manufacand may "be very'readily assembled and disassembled. The nozzleand turbine casing member 16,.the rotor15, and the shaftSl may be removed from the housing 10 as aunit, by member 50and byre moving the grinding wheel or'pencilfrom the exterior'end of the shaft. The motor ele ment, comprising a; turbine rotor 15 andthe casing and nozzle member 16, are very easily and simply assembled relative to each other and relative to thehousing 10.. The bearing member 41 is also easily removedfrom the a lO r 16,:and it may be removed independently of the-shaft 31! plate 40.;v The cap member 33 whichfis applied tofthe nozzle and turbine casing member l6i'provides a closed lubricant chamber for'the bearingB'O and. protects the bearing from," direct contact with the compressed air which isintroduced through the nipple 52 It does not, the-bearing as it flowsintothe nipple member 50 and throughithe'nozzle apertures 19 in the casing membenlG. The shield plate-40 havingthe edges of its central opening bearing against,

bearings and. will hold them at proper temperatures duringall normal conditions of op-'- eration. The shieldzplate 40 being slightly dished, insures a tight bearing against the shoulder- 34: 'Thehousing member 10in addition to providing assembly support for the other parts of the device formsan expansion chamberfor theair'thathas passed through the turbine, and substantially eliminates the undesirable exhaust noise common to other by turning out the closure member The sameapplies to the shield 711G quite pronounced on both prefer to constructtheturbine rotor of aluminum, which, on account of its lightness, than a rotor ofheavier material, It will also stop rotating quickly upon shutting off of the, ficient weight tocarry on of its own momentum; against the inertia oftheshaft and the 1s moreeasily actuated bygcompressed -air 1 5' compressed air supply,.'as itis not ofsufgrinding wheel, and it enables me to obtain greater speed and quicker action than would be possible with a heavier rotor. I have, with the device in operation, obtained 32,000 It. P. M., where the best of other devices of similar nature, of which I am aware, have only been able to obtain a speed of 28,000 to 30,000 R.

What I claim is: V

1. A device of the class described comprising a tubular housing, annular ribs positioned therein adjacent each end, a turbine rotor, a casing for said rotor embracing one side and the perimeter thereof and having a laterally extending perimetral flange abutting against one of said ribs, in said housing, nozzles formed in said casing registering with the blades of said rotor, a shaft bearing in said casing, a cap member covering the outer end of said'bearing and forming a closed lubricant chamber therefor, a shaft journalled in the bearing in said casing and keyed to said rotor and extending beyond the opposite end of said housing, a second bearing member supporting said shaft and positioned in the opposite end of said housing from said rotor, a shield plate interposed between said second bearing and said rotor and'surrounding said shaft and bearing inwardly against a shoulder thereon and having its outer edges engaged between said second bearing and one of said annular ribs, an end closure for said housing having an inwardly extending perimetral flange for holding said second bearmg and said plate against one of said annular I'lbS and forming a lubricant chamber for 1 said bearing, a cap member for the opposite end of said housing having a nipple formed thereon and having a perimetral lateral flange abutting said turbine casing and holding the same against one of said annular ribs in said housing, and forming a fluid supply chamber for the nozzles in said turbine casing, said housing having a series of escape apertures formed therein adjacent said shield plate, and an adjustable guard for controlling the direction of flow of escaping fluid covering said escape apertures.

2. A device of'the class described comprising an air driven turbine, a shaft connected to said turbine, a bearing for said shaft spaced from said turbine, a housing enclosing said turbine and bearing and forming an expansion chamber therebetween for air leaving said turbine, said housing provided with air outlet ports remote from said turbine, and regulatable means for controlling the direction of flow of escaping air having an opening for uncovering at least one of said ports and projections engaging other of said ports for positioning said regulatable means.

3. In a device of the class described, a shaft, and a housing having spaced internal abutment collars therein, a motor organization supported against one of said collars and engaging said shaft, a shaft bearing member positioned adjacent the other of said collars, and a concave uard plate interposed between said motor an said bearing member and surrounding said shaft and clamped between said bearing member and the last mentioned abutment collar.

4. In a device of the class described, a housing having an internal abutment collar, a shaft in said housing, a bearing member for said shaft positioned adjacent said abutment collar, and a concave guard plate surrounding said shaft and clamped between said bearing member and said internal collar.

5. A fluid driven turbine having an inlet port for the fluid, a plurality of outlet ports therefor to permit the escape of the fluid after passing through the turbine,- a guard element associated therewith for controlling the escape of the fluid from the outlet ports having projections which engage said ports for positioning said guard and an opening which uncovers at least one of said ports for permitting the escape of the fluid therefrom.

HENRY J YOUNGBLOOD. 

